花境:一份源于自然高于自然的艺术之美!


Freigabezeit:

2025-03-03

花境起源于英国自然风景式造园, 是一种花卉应用形式。

花境起源于英国自然风景式造园, 是一种花卉应用形式。指按照设计者的设计意图, 按照野生花卉自然生长的规律, 运用艺术化的手法, 因地制宜的对各种观赏性的草本植物进行合理的配置, 以自然带状或斑状的形式, 在形态、色彩和季相上达到自然和谐的一种园林造景形式, 实现“源于自然高于自然”的艺术追求

 

花境的形态构成

构成花境的花卉材料缤纷多样,在花境中也各饰其角,可粗略分为群花繁茂、高茎、阔叶、低矮匐地、花灌木、观赏草六个类别,它们的组合使得花境形态丰富。

花境的设计

花境设计首先是确定平面,要讲究构图完整,高低错落,一年四季的季相变化丰富又看不到明显的裸露。其次要强调出花园的边界线,一般以树丛、绿篱、矮墙或建筑物等作为背景,再确定好常绿植物与乔木、灌木、草花的比例关系,根据各自的生长趋势与体量大小顺序种植。

花境层次分明

花境中植物高低错落有致, 层次鲜明。一方面体现出了植物的个体美, 另一方面又展示了植物的组合美。花境设计体现出的多层次性是一般单一景观所无法比拟的。花境里面通常分为前、中、后三个层次, 每个层次因高差不同可继续细分, 前景一般为低矮匍匐类植物, 偶尔把大丛的丛生状植物前置, 打破单调的规整排列;中景体量饱满, 色彩鲜明, 稳定视觉重心, 搭配线条感强的植物拉高视线;背景高起, 作为视线屏障。因现场条件及设计师风格变化略有不同。

花境植物种类丰富

花境中花卉材料繁多, 大致可分为群花繁茂、高茎、阔叶、低矮匐地、花灌木、观赏草六个类别,它们的组合使得花境形态丰富。

从植物选材上分,花境可分为3种

1、宿根花卉花境。花境全部由可露地过冬的宿根花卉组成。

2、混合式花境。花境种植材料以耐寒的宿根花卉为主,配置少量的花灌木、球根花卉或一二年生花卉。这种花境季相分明,色彩丰富,多见应用。

3、专类花卉花境。由同一属不同种类或同一种不同品种植物为主要种植材料的花境。做专类花境用的花卉要求花期、株形、花色等有较丰富的变化,从而体现花境的特点,如百合类花境、鸢尾类花境、菊花花境等。


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